The Peloponnesian war is traditionally divided into three phases: the Archidamian war (431-421), Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition (421-413), and the Ionian war (413-404). The war was between the city-states of Athens and Sparta and their respective allies. Major fighting occurred during the Archidamian War. The first ten years of the war are named after the Spartan King Archidamus, who had opposed war with Athens and whose cautions policy dominated Spartan strategy at …
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